database►Mysql►mysql master slave

mysql master slave

1. 创建mysql用户

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[root@192 ~]# useradd -s /sbin/nologin mysql

2. 编译安装mysql

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[root@192 ~]# wget http://cdn.mysql.com//Downloads/MySQL-5.6/mysql-5.6.35.tar.gz
[root@192 ~]# tar xzf mysql-5.6.35.tar.gz
[root@192 ~]# cd mysql-5.6.35
[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# cmake \
> -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/mnt/app/mysql \
> -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \
> -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \
> -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all \
> -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \
> -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \
> -DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1
[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# make
[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# make install
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cmake ./
# -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql          \    #安装路径
# -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/usr/local/mysql/data            \    #数据文件存放位置
# -DSYSCONFDIR=/etc                                \    #my.cnf路径
# -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1                   \    #支持MyIASM引擎
# -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1                 \    #支持InnoDB引擎
# -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1                   \    #支持Memory引擎
# -DWITH_READLINE=1                                \    #快捷键功能(我没用过)
# -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/tmp/mysqld.sock               \    #连接数据库socket路径
# -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306                            \    #端口
# -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1                         \    #允许从本地导入数据
# -DWITH_PARTITION_STORAGE_ENGINE=1                \    #安装支持数据库分区
# -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all                             \    #安装所有的字符集
# -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8                           \    #默认字符
# -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci

3. 设置环境变量

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[root@10 mysql-5.6.35]# echo 'export MYSQL_BASE=/mnt/app/mysql' |tee /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@10 mysql-5.6.35]# echo 'export MYSQL_BIN=$MYSQL_BASE/bin' |tee -a /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@10 mysql-5.6.35]# echo 'export PATH=$MYSQL_BIN:$PATH'     |tee -a /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh
[root@10 mysql-5.6.35]# source /etc/profile

4. 创建数据和日志存放目录

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[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# mkdir -p /mnt/data/mysql/{3306,3307}
[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# mkdir -p /mnt/log/mysql/{3306,3307}
[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# touch /mnt/log/mysql/{3306,3307}/mysqld.log
[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# chown -R mysql.mysql /mnt/{data,log}/mysql

5. 初始化数据库

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[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# chmod +x scripts/*
[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/mnt/app/mysql/ --datadir=/mnt/data/mysql/3306/ --user=mysql
[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# ./scripts/mysql_install_db --basedir=/mnt/app/mysql/ --datadir=/mnt/data/mysql/3307/ --user=mysql

6.启动,关闭,连接

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[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# /mnt/app/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/mnt/app/mysql/conf/my_3306.cnf &
[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# /mnt/app/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -S /mnt/data/mysql/3306/mysql.sock shutdown
[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# /mnt/app/mysql/bin/mysql -S /mnt/data/mysql/3306/mysql.sock

6. Master 修改配置文件

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[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# cat /mnt/app/mysql/conf/my_3306.cnf
[mysqld]
user    = mysql
port    = 3306
basedir = /mnt/app/mysql
datadir = /mnt/data/mysql/3306
socket  = /mnt/data/mysql/3306/mysql.sock
default-storage-engine = InnoDB
character_set_server   = utf8
max_connections        = 2000
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

server-id              = 111
log-bin                = /mnt/log/mysql/3306/mysql-bin
expire_logs_days       = 7
binlog_format          = MIXED
max_binlog_size        = 100m
binlog_cache_size      = 4m
max_binlog_cache_size  = 512m

innodb_file_per_table  = 1

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/mnt/log/mysql/3306/mysqld.log
pid-file =/mnt/app/mysql/mysqld.3306.pid

[client]
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/mnt/data/mysql/3306/mysql.sock

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/mnt/data/mysql/3306/mysql.sock

6. Master 启动,停止,连接服务

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[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# /mnt/app/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/mnt/app/mysql/conf/my_3306.cnf &
[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# /mnt/app/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -S /mnt/data/mysql/3306/mysql.sock shutdown
[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# /mnt/app/mysql/bin/mysql -S /mnt/data/mysql/3306/mysql.sock

7. Slave 修改配置文件

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[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# cat /mnt/app/mysql/conf/my_3306.cnf
[mysqld]
user    = mysql
port    = 3306
basedir = /mnt/app/mysql
datadir = /mnt/data/mysql/3306
socket  = /mnt/data/mysql/3306/mysql.sock
default-storage-engine = InnoDB
character_set_server   = utf8
max_connections        = 2000
sql_mode=NO_ENGINE_SUBSTITUTION,STRICT_TRANS_TABLES

server-id              = 108
log-bin                = /mnt/log/mysql/3306/mysql-bin
expire_logs_days       = 7
binlog_format          = MIXED
max_binlog_size        = 100m
binlog_cache_size      = 4m
max_binlog_cache_size  = 512m

master-host            = 192.168.1.111
master-user            = repl
master-password        = repl123
master-port            = 3306
master-connect-retry   = 60

innodb_file_per_table  = 1

[mysqld_safe]
log-error=/mnt/log/mysql/3306/mysqld.log
pid-file =/mnt/data/mysql/3306/mysqld.pid

[client]
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/mnt/data/mysql/3306/mysql.sock

[mysql]
default-character-set=utf8
socket=/mnt/data/mysql/3306/mysql.sock

8. Slave 启动,停止,连接服务

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[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# /mnt/app/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe --defaults-file=/mnt/app/mysql/conf/my_3306.cnf &
[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# /mnt/app/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -S /mnt/data/mysql/3306/mysql.sock shutdown
[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# /mnt/app/mysql/bin/mysql -S /mnt/data/mysql/3306/mysql.sock

9. Master 创建同步用户

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[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# /mnt/app/mysql/bin/mysql -S /mnt/data/mysql/3306/mysql.sock
mysql> GRANT REPLICATION SLAVE ON *.* to 'repl'@'%' identified by 'repl123';
mysql> flush privileges;

10. Master 锁表,查看binlog ID

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mysql> FLUSH TABLES WITH READ LOCK;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)

mysql> show master status;
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| File             | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB | Executed_Gtid_Set |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
| mysql-bin.000001 |      397 |              |                  |                   |
+------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+-------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)

11. Master 打开另一个终端进行备份数据库

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[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# mysqldump --all-databases --master-data > dbdump.db

12. Master 备份完数据库后,进行表解锁

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mysql> UNLOCK TABLES;

13. Slave 将在Master上备份的数据库,在Slave服务器上还原

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[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# /mnt/app/mysql/bin/mysql -S /mnt/data/mysql/3306/mysql.sock < fulldb.dump

13. Slave 数据库还原后,登录到数据库,与Master进行binlog同步

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[root@192 mysql-5.6.35]# /mnt/app/mysql/bin/mysql -S /mnt/data/mysql/3306/mysql.sock
mysql> change master to master_host='192.168.1.111',master_port=3306,master_user='repl',master_password='repl123',master_log_file='mysql-bin.000001',master_log_pos=397;
mysql> start slave;
mysql> show slave status\G;
*************************** 1. row ***************************
               Slave_IO_State: Waiting for master to send event
                  Master_Host: 192.168.1.111
                  Master_User: repl
                  Master_Port: 3306
                Connect_Retry: 60
              Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
          Read_Master_Log_Pos: 397             //同步读取二进制日志的位置,大于等于Exec_Master_Log_Pos
               Relay_Log_File: mysqld-relay-bin.000002
                Relay_Log_Pos: 283
        Relay_Master_Log_File: mysql-bin.000001
             Slave_IO_Running: Yes   //必须是YES
            Slave_SQL_Running: Yes   //必须是YES
              Replicate_Do_DB:
          Replicate_Ignore_DB:
           Replicate_Do_Table:
       Replicate_Ignore_Table:
      Replicate_Wild_Do_Table:
  Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table:
                   Last_Errno: 0
                   Last_Error:
                 Skip_Counter: 0
          Exec_Master_Log_Pos: 397
              Relay_Log_Space: 457
              Until_Condition: None
               Until_Log_File:
                Until_Log_Pos: 0
           Master_SSL_Allowed: No
           Master_SSL_CA_File:
           Master_SSL_CA_Path:
              Master_SSL_Cert:
            Master_SSL_Cipher:
               Master_SSL_Key:
        Seconds_Behind_Master: 0
Master_SSL_Verify_Server_Cert: No
                Last_IO_Errno: 0
                Last_IO_Error:
               Last_SQL_Errno: 0
               Last_SQL_Error:
  Replicate_Ignore_Server_Ids:
             Master_Server_Id: 111
                  Master_UUID: a2207dde-caaf-11e6-bc89-080027770ec0
             Master_Info_File: /mnt/data/mysql/3306/master.info
                    SQL_Delay: 0
          SQL_Remaining_Delay: NULL
      Slave_SQL_Running_State: Slave has read all relay log; waiting for the slave I/O thread to update it
           Master_Retry_Count: 86400
                  Master_Bind:
      Last_IO_Error_Timestamp:
     Last_SQL_Error_Timestamp:
               Master_SSL_Crl:
           Master_SSL_Crlpath:
           Retrieved_Gtid_Set:
            Executed_Gtid_Set:
                Auto_Position: 0
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
ERROR:
No query specified

14. Master 登录mysql,进行验证主从同步是否正常